Data bindings synchronize properties of non-UI object, such as a string property on a MonoBehaviour, with properties of UI(User Interface) Allows a user to interact with your application. Unity currently supports three UI systems. More info
See in Glossary objects, such as the value property of a TextField. A binding refers to the link between the property and the visual control that modifies it.
Use data binding to synchronize values between a property and a specific visual elementA node of a visual tree that instantiates or derives from the C# VisualElement class. You can style the look, define the behaviour, and display it on screen as part of the UI. More info
See in Glossary, so you don’t need to write event handlers when the value changes in the UI.
Note: SerializedObject data binding only works in the Editor, not at runtime.
You can only bind to serialized properties. This means you can only bind visual elements to the following objects that are compatible with the Serialization system:
ScriptableObject classesMonoBehaviour classesint, bool, float, and so on.Vector3, Color, Object, and so on.You can only bind the value property of visual elements that implement the INotifyValueChanged interface. For example, you can bind TextField.value to a string, but you can’t bind TextField.name to a string.
You can bind between an object and any visual element that either derives from BindableElement or implements the IBindable interface.
To create a binding, either call Bind() or BindProperty().
Bind()
You can call Bind() to bind an element to a SerializedObject. Before you bind an element, you must set the binding path and create a SerializedObject.
Use this method if you don’t have easy access to the SerializedProperty for the binding. See Create a binding with a C# script for an example.
The Bind() extension method sets up an entire hierarchy of visual elements with specified bindingPath properties. You can call the Bind() method on a single element or the parent of the hierarchy that you want to bind. For example, you can call Bind() on the rootVisualElement of an Editor window. This binds all child elements with specified bindingPath properties.
Don’t call Bind() from the Editor.CreateInspectorGUI() or PropertyDrawer.CreatePropertyGUI() override. These overrides are called automatically on the visual elements that these methods return.
Unbind()
The Unbind() method stops the value tracking for the element and all its direct and indirect child elements. In general, you don’t need to call Unbind() because tracking stops when a user closes the Inspector or Editor window. Call Unbind() if you must bind elements to different targets in their lifetimes.
If you construct an InspectorElement in C# by calling its constructor, binding occurs during the constructor call. If you want to rebind an InspectorElement after it has been constructed, you must call Unbind() and then either call Bind() explicitly or let a bind operation from a parent create a binding.
If you call Bind() to create the binding, you must set the visual element’s binding path to the property name of the object that you want to bind to.
For example:
If you have the following component script:
using UnityEngine;
public class MyComp : MonoBehaviour
{
[SerializeField]
int m_Count;
}
To bind your visual element to m_Count, set the binding path to m_Count.
If you want to bind a visual element to a GameObjectThe fundamental object in Unity scenes, which can represent characters, props, scenery, cameras, waypoints, and more. A GameObject’s functionality is defined by the Components attached to it. More info
See in Glossary’s name property, which is m_Name, set the binding path to m_Name.
You can set the binding path in UI Builder, UXML, or with a C# script:
binding-path attribute for a visual element. See Define the binding path in UXML for an example.bindingPath from the IBindable interface. See Bind with the binding path for an example.BindProperty()
You can call BindProperty() to bind an element to a SerializedProperty directly.
Use this method if you already have a SerializedProperty object, and especially if you traverse the properties of a SerializedObject to build a UI dynamically. See Bind without the binding path for an example.
You can bind a visual element to nested properties in the source object. To do so, combine the binding path of an element with the binding path of the first ancestor. Use this method with the following elements:
BindableElementTemplateContainer (corresponds to the <Instance> tag in UXML)GroupBoxSee Bind to nested properties for an example.
You can create a binding to receive a callback when a bound serialized property changes. To do so, leverage the TrackPropertyValue() extension method, which is available to any VisualElement. This registers a callback that executes when the provided SerializedProperty changes. See Receive callbacks when a serialized property changes for an example.
You can also create a binding to receive a callback when any properties of the bound serialized object changes. To do so, leverage the TrackSerializedObjectValue() extension method, which is available to any VisualElement. This registers a callback that executes when the provided SerializedProperty changes. See Receive callbacks when any properties change for an example.
You can create custom elements and bind them to serialized properties through the value binding system.
To create bindable custom elements:
BindableElement or implement the IBinding interface.INotifyValueChanged interface.SetValueWithoutNotify() method to the INotifyValueChanged interface.value property accessors to the INotifyValueChanged interface.See Create and style a custom control for an example.
Note: You can’t bind custom data types directly to custom elements because the binding system only allows you to bind an element to a type supported by SerializedPropertyType of enum. This means you can’t define a class or structure, for example a struct called MyStruct, and bind it to an element that implements INotifyValueChanged<MyStruct>. However, you can bind to serializable nested properties of custom data types. This includes polymorphic serialization (when a field uses the [SerializeReference] attribute). See Bind a custom control to custom data type for an example.
Based on the type of UI you create, binding occurs at various times. This is called bind time.
The following table describes the bind time of a control:
| Condition | Automatic bind time (assuming binding path was set) |
|---|---|
An InspectorElement constructed in C# |
During the constructor call |
A child element that is under the return value of CreateInspectorGUI() or CreatePropertyGUI() when those methods return |
After CreateInspectorGUI() or CreatePropertyGUI() returns |
A child element that is under an element when Bind() or BindProperty() is called on the parent element |
During the Bind() or BindProperty() call |
| Other | No automatic binding; you must bind the element or one of its parents manually |
The following are best practices when creating a binding regarding bind time:
Editor or custom PropertyDrawer, set the elements’ binding paths instead of calling Bind() or BindProperty() on any visual elements that are in the visual treeAn object graph, made of lightweight nodes, that holds all the elements in a window or panel. It defines every UI you build with the UI Toolkit.CreateInspectorGUI() or CreatePropertyGUI(). These elements are bound automatically after CreateInspectorGUI() or CreatePropertyGUI() returns. However, if you add any elements to the visual tree after that point, call Bind() or BindProperty() to bind them.Bind() or BindProperty() regardless of the time at which the elements get added to the visual tree. If you call Bind() or BindProperty() and bind multiple controls at the same time, set the binding path of each control and then call Bind() on the lowest-level parent element that encompasses all the controls. Bind() binds the element on which it’s called if it has a binding path and recursively binds all its child elements if they have binding paths. To prevent a negative performance impact, don’t bind a visual element with the Bind() method more than once.Try the following examples to learn how to code with data binding: